John R. "Jack" Horner & "Big Mike"

John R. Horner - Retired Curator of Paleontology at Museum of the Rockies

John R. "Jack" Horner - Paleohistology & Molecular Publications

Wilson, J. P., Woodruff, D. C., Gardner, J. D., Flora, H. M., Horner, J. R., Organ, C. L. 2016. Vertebral Adaptations to Large Body Size in Theropod Dinosaurs. PLoS ONE 11(7). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158962

Bailleul, A. M., Scannella, J. B., Horner, J. R., Evans, D. C. 2016. Fusion patterns in the skulls of modern archosaurs reveal that sutures are ambiguous maturity indicators for the Dinosauria.  PLoS ONE 11(2). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147687

Freedman Fowler, E. A., and Horner, J. R. 2015. A new brachylophosaurin hadrosaur (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) with an intermediate nasal crest from the Campanian Judith River Formation of Northcentral Montana. PLoS ONE 10(11). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141304

Woodward, H. N., Freedman Fowler, E. A., Farlow, J. O., Horner, J. R. 2015. Maiasaura, a model organism for extinct vertebrate population biology: a large sample statistical assessment of growth dynamics and survivorship. Paleobiology 41(4): 503-527. doi: 10.1017/pab.2015.19

Cubo, J., Woodward, H. N., Wolff, E., Horner, J. R. 2015. First reported cases of biomechanically adaptive bone modeling in non-avian dinosaurs. PLoS ONE 10(7). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0131131

Padian, K., Werning, S., Horner, J. R. 2015. A hypothesis of differential secondary bone formation in dinosaurs. Comptes Rendus Palevol (in press). doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2015.03.002

Horner, J. R., Woodward, H. N., Bailleul, A. M. 2015. Mineralized tissues in dinosaurs interpreted as having formed through metaplasia: a preliminary evaluation. Comptes Rendus Palevol (in press). doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2015.01.006

Bailleul, A. M., Nyssen-Behets, C., Lengele, B., Hall, B. K., Horner, J. R. 2015. Chondroid bone in dinosaur embryos and nestlings (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae): insights into the growth of the skull and the evolution of skeletal tissues. Comptes Rendus Palevol (in press). doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2014.12.004

Brink, K. S., Zelenitsky, D. K., Evans, D. C., Horner, J. R., Therrien, F. 2014. Cranial morphology and variation in Hypacrosaurus stebingeri (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae): chapter 14: pages 245-276 in Eberth, D. A. and Evans, D. C (eds.). Hadrosaurs. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana.

Rashid, D. J., Chapman, S. C., Larsson, H. C. E., Organ, C. L., Bebin, A. G., Merzdorf, C. S., Bradley, R., Horner, J. R. 2014. From dinosaurs to birds: a tail of evolution. EvoDevo 5(25):1-20. doi:10.1186/2041-9139-5-25

Woodward, H. N., Horner, J. R., Farlow, J. O. 2014. Quantification of intraskeletal histovariability in Alligator mississippiensis and implication for vertebrate osteohistology. PeerJ 2:e422. doi:10.7717/peerj.422

Goodwin, M. B., and Horner, J. R. 2014. Cranial morphology of a juvenile Triceratops skull from the Hell Creek Formation, McCone County, Montana, with comments on the fossil record of ontogenetically younger skulls. Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 503:333-347. doi:10.1130/2014.2503(13)

Bailleul, A. M., Hall, B. K., Horner, J. R. 2013. Secondary cartilage revealed in a non-avian dinosaur embryo. PLoS ONE 8(2):e56937. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056937

Bailleul, A. M., Hall, B. K., and Horner, J. R. 2012. First evidence of dinosaurian secondary cartilage in the post-hatching skull of Hypacrosaurus stebingeri (Dinosauria, Ornithischia). PLoS One 7(4):336112. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036112

Fowler, D.W., Woodward, H.N., Freedman, E.A., Larson, P.L., and Horner, J.R. 2011. Reanalysis of “Raptorex kriegsteini”: a juvenile tyrannosaurid dinosaur from Mongolia. PLoS One 6(6):e21376. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021376

Horner, J.R., and Lamm, E.T. 2011. Ontogeny of the parietal frill of Triceratops: a preliminary histological analysis. Comptes Rendus Palevol 10(5-6):439-452. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2011.04.006

Schott, R.K., Evans, D.C., Goodwin, M.B., Horner, J.R., Brown, C.M., et al. 2011. Cranial Ontogeny in Stegoceras validum (Dinosauria: Pachycephalosauria): A Quantitative Model of Pachycephalosaur Dome Growth and Variation. PLoS ONE 6(6):e21092. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021092

Woodward, H. N., Horner, J. R., and Farlow, J. O. 2011. Osteohistological evidence for determinate growth in the American Alligator. Journal of Herpetology 45(3):339–342. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1670/10-274.1

Jackson, F. D., Horner, J. R., and Varricchio, D. J. 2010. A study of a Troodon egg containing embryonic remain using epifluorescence microscopy and other techniques. Cretaceous Research 31:255–262. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2009.11.006

Scannella, J.B. and Horner, J.R. 2010. Torosaurus Marsh,1891, is Triceratops Marsh, 1889 (Cerotopsidae:Chasmosaurinae): synonymy through ontogeny. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(4):1157-1168. doi: 10.1080/02724634.2010.483632

Horner, J.R. and Goodwin, M.B. 2009. Extreme cranial ontogeny in the Upper Cretaceous dinosaur Pachycephalosaurus. PLoS ONE 4(10):e7626.  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007626

Horner, J.R., Ricqlès, A. de, Padian, K.P., and Scheetz, R.D. 2009. Comparative long bone histology and growth of the "hypsilophodontid" dinosaurs Orodromeus makelai, Dryosaurus altus, and Tenontosaurus tillettii(Ornithischia: Euornithopoda). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(3):734–747. doi:10.1671/039.029.0312

Schweitzer, M.H., Zheng, W., Organ, C.L., Avci, R., Suo, Z., Freimark, L.M., Lebleu, V.S., Duncan, M.B., Vander Heiden, M.G., Neveu, J.M., Lane, W.S., Cottrell, J.S., Horner, J.R., Cantley, L.C., Kalluri, R., Asara, J.M. 2009. Biomolecular characterization and protein sequences of the Campanian Hadrosaur B. canadensis. Science, New Series 324(5927):626-631. doi: 10.1126/science.1165069

Wolff, E. D. S., Salisbury, S. W., Horner, J. R., and Varricchio, D. J. 2009. Common avian infection plagued the tyrant dinosaurs. PLoS ONE 4(9):e7288.  doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007288

Cooper, L.N., Lee, A.H., Taper, M.L., Horner, J.R. 2008. Relative growth rates of predator and prey dinosaurs reflect effects of predation. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B) 275(1651):2609-2615. doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.0912

Ricqlès, A. de, Padian, K., Knoll, F., and Horner, J.R. 2008.  On the origin of high growth rates in archosaurs and their ancient relatives:  Complimentary histological studies in Triassic archosauriforms and the problem of a “phylogenetic signal” in bone histology. Annales de Paléontologie 94:57-76. doi.org/10.1016/j.annpal.2008.03.002

Chinnery, B.J., and Horner, J.R. 2007. A new Neoceratopsian dinosaur linking North American and Asian taxa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(3):625-641. doi: 10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[625:ANNDLN]2.0.CO;2

Schweitzer, M.H., Elsey, R.M., Dacke, C.G., Horner, J.R., and Lamm, E.T. 2007. Do egg-laying crocodilian (Alligator mississippiensis) archosaurs form medullary bone? Bone 40:1152-1158.  PMID: 17223615

Schweitzer, M.H., Suo, Z., Avci, R., Asara, J.M., Allen, M.A. Arce, F.T., and Horner, J.R. 2007. Analysis of soft tissue from Tyrannosaurus rex suggest the presence of protein. Science 316:277-280. doi: 10.1126/science.1138709

Schweitzer, M.H., Wittmeyer, J.L., and Horner, J.R. 2007. Soft tissue and cellular preservation in vertebrate skeletal elements from the Cretaceous to the present. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B) 274(1607):183–197. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2006.3705

Ricqlès, A. de, Horner, J.R., and Padian, K. 2006. The interpretation of dinosaur growth patterns. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 21(11): 596-597.

Channing, A.C., Schweitzer, M.H., Horner, J.R., and McEneaney, T. 2005. A silicified bird from Quaternary hot spring deposits. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B) 272:905-911.

Horner, J.R., Padian, K.P., and Ricqlès A. de.  2005. How dinosaurs grew so large and so small. Sci. Am. 293(1):56-63.

Main, R.P., Ricqlés, A. de, Horner, J.R., and Padian, K. 2005. The evolution and function of thyreophoran dinosaur scutes: implications for plate function in stegosaurs.  Paleobiology 31(2):291–314.

Schweitzer, M.H., Wittmeyer, J.L., and Horner, J.R. 2005. Gender-specific reproductive tissue in ratites and Tyrannosaurus rex.  Science 308:1456-1460.

Schweitzer, M.H., Wittmeyer, J.L., Horner, J.R., and Toporski, J.K. 2005. Soft-tissue vessels and cellular preservation in Tyrannosaurus rex.  Science 307:1952-1955.

Goodwin, M.B., and Horner, J.R. 2004. Cranial histology of Pachycephalosaurus (Ornithischia:Marginocephalia) reveals transitory structures inconsistent with head-butting behavior. Paleobiology 30(2):253-267.

Horner, J.R., and Padian, K.P. 2004. Age and growth dynamics of Tyrannosaurus rex. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B) 271(1551):1875-1880.

Padian, K. and Horner, J.R. 2004. Dinosaur physiology; pp. 660–671 in Weishampel, Dodson and Osmolska (eds.), The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

Padian, K.P., Horner, J.R., Ricqlés,and  A. de. 2004. Growth in small dinosaurs and Pterosaurs:The evolution of Archosaurian growth strategies. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(3):555-571.

Chin K., Eberth, D.A., Schweitzer, M.H., Rando, T.A., Sloboda, W.J., and Horner, J.R. 2003. Remarkable preservation of undigested muscle tissure within a Late Cretaceous tyrannosaurid coprolite from Alberta, Canada. PALAIOS 18:286-294.

Ricqlès, A. de, Padian, K.P., and Horner, J.R. 2003. On the bone histology of some Triassic pseudosuchian archosaurs and related taxa. (L’histologie osseuse de quelques archosauriens pseudosuchiens triasiques et formes apparentées.) Annales de Paléontologie 89(2):67-101. 

Ricqlès, A. de, Padian, K.P., Horner, J.R., Lamm, E.T., and Myhrvold, N. 2003. Osteohistology of Confuciusornis sanctus (Theropod:Aves). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23(2):373-386. 

Varricchio, D.J., Horner, J.R., and Jackson, F.D. 2002. Embryos and eggs for the Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Troödon formosus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(3):564–576.

Varricchio, D.J., Horner, J.R., and Jackson, F.D. 2002. A phylogenetic assessment of prismatic dinosaur eggs from the Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(4):931–937.

Horner, J.R., Padian, K.P., and Ricqlès, A. de. 2001. Comparative osteohistology of some embryonic and perinatal archosaurs: developmental and behavioral implications for dinosaurs. Paleobiology 27(1):39-58.

Padian, K.P., Ricqlès, and A. de, Horner, J.R. 2001. Dinosaurian growth rates and bird origins. Nature 412:405-408.

Ricqlès, A. de, Padian, K., and Horner, J.R. 2001. The bone histology of basal birds in phylogenetic and ontogenetic perspectives.  in New Perspectives on the Origin and Early Evolution of Birds, (Jacques Gauthier and Lawrence F. Gall, Eds.) Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, pp. 411-426.

Horner, J.R., Ricqlès, A. de, and Padian, K.P. 2000. Long bone histology of the Hadrosaurid dinosaur Maiasaura peeblesorum: Growth dynamics and physiology based on an ontogenetic series of skeletal elements. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20(1):115-129.

Ricqlès, A. de, Padian, K., Horner, J.R., and Francillon-Vieillot, H. 2000. Paleohistology of the bones of pterosaurs (Reptilia: Archosauria): anatomy, ontogeny, and biomechanical implications. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 129:349-385.

Horner, J.R., Ricqlès, A. de, and Padian, K. 1999. Variation in dinosaur skeletochronology indicators: implications for age assessment and physiology. Paleobiology 25(4):295-304.

Schweitzer, M.H., and Horner, J.R. 1999. Intravascular microstructures in trabecular bone of Tyrannosaurus rex. Ann. Paléontol 85(3):179-192.

Schweitzer, M.H., Marshall, M., Carron, K., Bohle, D.S.,  Busse, S.C., Arnold, E.V., Barnard, D., Horner, J.R., and Starkey, J.R. 1997. Heme compounds in dinosaur trabecular bone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94(12):6291-6296.

Schweitzer, M.H., Johnson, C., Zocco, T.G, Horner, J.R., and Starkey, J.R. 1997. Preservation of biomolecules in cancellous bone of tyrannosaurus rex. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17(2):349-359.

Padian, K., Ricqlès, A. de, and Horner, J. R. 1995. Bone histology determines identification of a new fossil taxon of pterosaur (Reptilia: Archosauria). Compte Rendue Academie Science Paris 320(2):77–84.

Barreto, C., Albrecht, R.M., Bjorling, D.E., Horner, J.R., and Wilsman, N.J. 1993. Evidence of the growth plate and the growth of long bones in juvenile dinosaurs. Science 262(5142):2020-2023.

SELECT PUBLISHED ABSTRACTS:


Boatman, E. M., Goodwin, M. B., Holman, H., Fakra, S., Schweitzer, M. H., Gronsky, R., Horner, J. R. 2014. Synchrotron chemical and structural analysis of Tyrannosaurus rex blood vessels: the contribution of collagen hypercrosslinking to tissue longevity. Microscopy and Microanalysis 20(Suppl 3):1430-1431.

Horner, V. and Horner, J. R. 2012. Sturgeon dorsal osteoderm ontogeny: A transformational model for marginocephalian squamosal ornaments. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(5, abstracts vol):113.

Woodward, H.N., Horner J. R., and Farlow, J.O. 2012. Paleobiological implications of the growth history and histovariability in a population of the hadrosaurid dinosaur Maiasaura peeblesorum. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(5, abstracts vol):196.

Woodruff, C., and Horner, J. R. 2012. A re-evaluation of the vertebral Soft Tissue reconstruction within Dinosauria based on alternate extant analogues. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(5, abstracts vol):195.

Baillieu, A. and Horner, J. R. 2011. Early ossification and calcified tissues in the skull of Hypacrosaurus  stebingeri (Ornithischia, Lambeosaurinae): a preliminary study. pp. 11 in Hadrosaur Symposium Abstracts, Royal Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology, Drumheller, Alberta, Canada.

Bailleul, A. and Horner, J. R. 2011. Early ossification and calcified tissues in the skull of Hypacrosaurus stebingeri (Ornithischia, Lambeosaurinae): a preliminary study. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31(5, abstracts vol):65.

Bailleul, A. M. and Horner, J. R. 2011. Perinatal histomorphogenesis of craniofacial elements of Hypacrosaurus stebingeri (Ornithischia, Lambeosauridae): a preliminary study.  Vol.1:pp. 57 in International Symposium on Paleohistology, Abstracts  (M. Kohler, X. Jordana and N. M. Moratalla Eds), Institut Català de Paleontologia, Barcelona, Spain.

Goodwin, M., Stanton, K., Horner, J. R., and Carlson, S. 2011. Oxygen isotopic variability and preservation in Tyrannosaurus rex, modern ratites and crocodilians: revisiting the thermophysiology of T.rex using δ180. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31(5, abstracts vol):117.

Horner, J. R. and Woodward, H. N. 2011. Riddle of the humongous hadrosaurs: what these giants reveal about dinosaur ontogeny, evolution, and ecology. Vol.1:pp. 66 in Hadrosaur Symposium Abstracts, Royal Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology, Drumheller, Alberta, Canada.

Horner, J. R., Woodward, H. N., and Bailleul, A. 2011. Evaluating maturity in dinosaurs.  Vol 1:pp. 53 in International Symposium on Paleohistology, Abstracts (M. Kohler, X. Jordana and N. M. Moratalla Eds), Institut Català de Paleontologia, Barcelona, Spain.

Lawver, D., Jackson, F., and Horner, J. R.  2011. Turtle eggs and embryos in a clutch from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Judith River Formation of Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31(5, abstracts vol):141.

Woodward, H. N., and Horner, J. R. 2011. A robust single element microanalysis of a hadrosaurid dinosaur (Ornithopoda: Maiasaura peeblesorum) population reveals ontogenetic trends in growth and development.  Vol.1:pp. 56 in International Symposium on Paleohistology, Abstracts (M.Kohler, X. Jordana and N. M. Moratalla Eds), Institut Català de Paleontologia, Barcelona, Spain.

Woodward, H. and Horner, J. R. 2010. Osteohistological analysis of Alligator mississippiensis indicates absence of fibrolamellar bone in crocodilians and confirms determinate growth with the first report of external fundamental system: implications for tetrapod histology. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(4, Supplement):190A.

Horner, J.R., and Lamm, E.T. 2009. Metaplasia Provided Dinosaur Skulls Extreme Morphological Plasticity During Ontogeny. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(3):117A.

Jackson, F. D., Horner, J. R., and Varricchio, D. 2009. A study of a Troodon egg containing embryonic remains using epiflourescence microscopy and other techniques. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(3):121A.

Jackson, F. D., Horner, J. R., and Varricchio, D. 2009. A study of a Troodon egg containing embryonic remains using epiflourescence microscopy and other techniques. Fourth International Symposium on Dinosaur Eggs and Babies. Museum of the Rockies Occasional Paper #4:20, Bozeman, Montana.

Jackson, F.D., Horner, J.R., and Varricchio, D.J. 2009. A Study of a Troödon egg containing embryonic remains using epifluorescence microscopy and other techniques. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(3):121A.

Lee, A.H., Cooper, L.N., Taper, M.L., and  Horner, J.R. 2008. Rapid growth of the hadrosaur Hypacrosaurus reflects direct and indirect effects of predation. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(3):104A.

deBoef, M., Larsson, H., and Horner, J.R. 2007. Measurement of vasculature of Tyrannosaurus rex show a relationship Between growth rate and vascular organization. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(3):67A.

Barreto C, Heintz J, Horner JR, and Albrecht R. 2007. Original Biomaterials Preserved in Dinosaur Bone. Proceedings-Microscopy and Microanalysis 13(2):52.

Horner, J.R., Goodwin, M.B., and Woodward, H.N. 2007. Synonomy consequences of dinosaur cranial ontogeny. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(3):94A.